DENVER ZOO RECEIVES $100,000 GOVERNOR’S ENERGY OFFICE GRANT - Grant to Support Environmentally-Friendly Features of Asian Tropics Exhibit
Denver Zoo has won a $100,000 grant from the Governor’s Energy Office to support research and development of the zoo’s biomass gasification system planned to heat and power portions of the zoo’s next major exhibit, Asian Tropics. The Clean Energy Fund’s New Energy Economic Development (NEED) grant program selection committee awarded the zoo the grant based on the project’s capacity toadvance energy efficiency and renewable energy.
“As a champion for environmentally friendly efforts around the globe, we wanted to take our conservation efforts to the next level with plans for our Asian Tropics exhibit. This grant will support our efforts to create a system that utilizes our waste to create energy to support our operations within Asian Tropics,” says VP for Planning and Capitol Projects George Pond.
Denver Zoo is a strong advocate for conservation, making the biomass gasification system a critical component of the Asian Tropics exhibit. In the planning stages, Denver Zoo staff researched and gathered input from the National Renewal Energy Lab and other experts, which offered the possibility of utilizing a biomass gasification system as a component of the project. It became clear that the waste-to-energy potential went beyond the scope of the project, and actually could transform the zoo’s entire waste stream into usable energy. However, utilizing a biomass gasification system of this size using a complex waste stream with varied components presented a challenge that others have not overcome.
“This is a complex process and if we are able to unlock some of the mysteries of utilizing a varied waste stream for biomass gasification, then we will have a ground-breaking method that can be used throughout many industries. We are rapidly gaining knowledge that could positively impact industries and the environment on a global level,” says Pond.
Plans for Asian Tropics feature a unique on-site system that will convert a diverse waste stream of animal waste and human trash, from an average of 1.7 million visitors annually, into usable energy through a process called gasification. The project will be a model for promoting the viability of an emerging renewable energy technology – one that is much more environmentally-friendly than fossil fuels.
Benefits of this technology include:
Reduced Air Pollution. Biomass gasification technology is environmentally-friendly, as resources produce fewer emissions than their fossil fuel counterparts. Biomass contains less sulfur than coal, and consequently produces less sulfur dioxide. Emissions of nitrogen oxide are usually lower as well. Biomass used for heat and power is typically considered “carbon neutral” by the EPA, meaning that its use does not contribute to climate change.
Reduced Waste. Biomass technology can be used to convert waste into energy. Using waste from livestock (or wildlife), for example, yields such benefits as production of heat or electricity, odor reduction, reduced risk of water contamination, and reduced exposure to disease-causing organisms.
Reduced Use of Landfills. Landfills are full of biomass from a number of sources. Wastes from food processing, paper and household garbage contain organic matter that can be converted into energy. Using these materials to create energy means less landfill space is needed. It also means cost savings, as the waste is minimized and utilized on site, decreasing landfill and transportation usage.
Occupying 10-acres on the southern edge of the zoo, Asian Tropics will serve as a conservation center devoted to highly-endangered Asian species including elephants, Indian rhinos and Malayan tapirs. The expansive complex will allow visitors to explore and discover the rich history of animals in Asian culture, their complicated relationship with humans and the efforts of Denver Zoo and its partners around the world to protect their futures.
Denver Zoo continues to raise funds for Asian Tropics and groundbreaking is anticipated in early 2009, with a two-year construction period.
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May 5, 2008
DENVER ZOO MOURNING LOSS OF POLAR BEAR OLAF - Famous Polar Bear Dad of Klondike & Snow
Denver Zoo is deeply saddened to announce the death of Olaf, a 22-year-old male polar bear. Olaf, father of famous polar bears Klondike and Snow and Ulaq and Berit, died Saturday, May 3, at Denver Zoo.
“This is a very sad loss for Denver Zoo and our community. Olaf will be missed by all of us including the many families and children who have visited him over the years,” says Denver Zoo President/CEO Craig Piper.
Over the past several weeks, keepers noticed that Olaf’s eating habits were fluctuating and he was acting lethargic. He had good days and bad days. On Friday, May 2, veterinary staff anesthetized the bear for a medical examination and to biopsy a swollen area of his abdomen. Unfortunately, biopsy results showed that Olaf was suffering from an aggressive and terminal form of liver cancer. Necropsy results determined Olaf had a massive tumor in his abdomen. Having lost his quality of life to an irreversible medical condition, Olaf was humanely euthanized on May 3. The longevity of polar bears is 20-25 years.
“Often with wild animals, they do not show symptoms of illness until they are quite ill. This was the case with our valiant Olaf, who showed no signs of illness until quite recently, despite having terminal liver cancer. He was such a good bear,” says Senior Veterinarian Dr. David Kenny. Dr. Kenny was Olaf’s veterinarian for 21 years.
Olaf was a very popular resident of Denver Zoo for 21 years. He arrived from Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo in March of 1987 as a one-and-a-half-year-old cub. Olaf was named after Saint Olaf, the Patron Saint of Norway.
While at Denver Zoo, Olaf fathered four cubs with his first mate, Ulu, including the famous siblings Klondike and Snow who were born on November 6, 1994. Ulu and Olaf also had a second pair of cubs, Berit and Ulaq, born on December 28, 1998. When Ulu passed away in June of 2000, Olaf was introduced to another female, Soosha. The pair remained together for eight years, but never had any cubs together.
Olaf was a remarkable bear with a distinguished palate. Unlike most bears, Olaf did not like to eat fish heads. He meticulously removed the fish heads, only eating the torso and tails. Olaf also enjoyed pumpkins and watermelon as a treat. Many visitors enjoyed seeing him get pumpkins as enrichment at Boo at the Zoo.
Denver Zoo is home to three other polar bears, females Soosha (21) and Voda (21), and male Frosty (22).
May 1, 2008
SHIPWRECK WASHES ASHORE IN DENVER ZOO’S POLAR BEAR HABITAT- New Structure Provides Hours of Enrichment for Polar Bears
Denver Zoo polar bears are showcasing their natural foraging and pouncing abilities thanks to a new enrichment shipwreck staff recently added to their habitat. After several years of planning, the concept proved extremely successful when the bears showed their appreciation by playing with their new toy and exhibiting natural behaviors!
“The shipwreck is a great way to stimulate natural behaviors in the bears. We are conducting some formal observations, and so far, since the shipwreck was installed, not only have we seen more of some behaviors such as foraging for food, digging and manipulating objects, but we have also seen more variety of behaviors, including vocalizing and a bouncing behavior that we usually only see them do on ice or with favorite toys,” says Denver Zoo Manager of Behavior Programs Emily Insalaco.
Zoo staff’s expectations were exceeded when the bears were given access to the ship for the first time. The curious bears spent a great deal of time exploring the new addition to their home, looking for hidden treats, climbing up the top of the ship and playing with the attached balls and ropes.
Before zookeepers let the bears outside in the morning, they place delicious fish and other treats inside hidden crevasses throughout the ship so that the bears have to search for their breakfast. Zookeepers also rub various scents on the ship and sometimes even squirt the wood with honey, one of the bears’ favorite treats. By having to find their food and sometimes figure out how to get it out of a tricky place the bears are enriched and stimulated.
One of the behaviors zookeepers were hoping the new addition to the exhibit would elicit is an ice-breaking behavior. Bears must push up and down with their front paws in the wild to break through ice and reach their prey underneath. The bears have shown this behavior several times on the shipwreck.
The new structure also encourages the bears to explore and interact with a portion of the exhibit that was not being utilized often in the past. Now the bears have a good reason to explore the western portion of their exhibit. In addition, the shipwreck provides up-close viewing of the bears while at play. This opens opportunities for people to get good bear photos.
“Bringing a vision like this to reality takes a great deal of time and attention to detail. In our design process we reached out to students, recent graduates and local companies in the community to generate new ideas and energy and to keep the project affordable. We are very pleased with the outcome,” says VP for Planning and Capitol Project George Pond.
The shipwreck structure is an excellent example of how the zoo’s Animal and Planning Departments work closely to support the welfare of the animals in their care. Gathering input from the zoo’s animal experts, Denver Zoo Planning Intern Jeramy Boik, a master’s candidate in the Landscape Architect Department at the University of Colorado at Denver, managed the project. Rare Earth Designs, a local company owned by Dan Griner and Devin Gores, recent graduates from the Art Institute of Colorado, were selected to bring the zoo’s vision to life through the construction and installation of the ship.
We have worked with students and graduates in the past and have had a great deal of success with these students. They are talented people willing to put the thought and energy needed into designing creative solutions,” Pond says.
Individual pieces of the ship were constructed off site and assembled in the polar bear yard. Installation of the $23,000 project took four days to complete. The two-part shipwreck, constructed of steel and all-natural woods and finishes, takes up 50 feet in the western part of the polar bear habitat. The bow of the ship is 20 feet long, 14 feet wide and 5 feet tall. The mast is 18 feet long and 12 feet wide.
Denver Zoo is home to two pairs of polar bears, Frosty (m) and Voda (f) and Olaf (m) and Soosha (f) all of whom have been enjoying the new shipwreck since its installation.
April 10, 2008
ENDANGERED EASTERN BONGO CALF BORN AT DENVER ZOO
- Visitors Can See Mother and Calf in Their Outdoor Yard
Denver Zoo is celebrating the birth of an endangered eastern bongo antelope that was born on March 30. Zookeepers named the rambunctious male calf Mkono, (muh-kone-oh) which means “handful” in Swahili. Mkono is the fifth calf born to mother, Megan. Mother and calf have been spending time behind the scenes, but can now be seen in their outdoor habitat along with Mkono’s older sister, 15-month-old Maddie.
At Mkono’s baby wellness exam, zoo veterinarians gave the new calf a clean bill of health. The young calf weighed in at 45 pounds but when he is full grown, he could weigh up to 900 pounds. Zookeepers say the youngster is very adventurous and is enjoying exploring his new outdoor surroundings under mother’s watchful eye.
There are two sub-species of bongo, western and eastern. Denver Zoo is home to the less common eastern bongo which is classified as endangered by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) due to habitat loss and hunting for meat. Unlike their more prevalent western cousins, the eastern bongo can now only be found in parts of Kenya.
Bongos are distinguishable by their deep orange coats, vertical white strips and large slightly spiraled horns. Both males and females have these impressive horns that can grow to more than three feet in length. Although both genders are born with bright coats, as males get older their coats become darker and browner, while the females’ coats remain lighter.
The bongo Species Survival Plan is among 206 conservation breeding programs that Denver Zoo participates in. Under the auspices of the Association of Zoos & Aquariums (AZA), the cooperative breeding programs work to ensure genetic diversity and demographic stability in North American zoos and aquariums.
April 4, 2008
DENVER ZOO CONSERVATIONIST RECEIVES HIGHEST MONGOLIAN CONSERVATION AWARD - Dr. Richard Reading Recognized For Work with Endangered Species in Mongolia
Denver Zoo Director of Conservation Biology Richard Reading, Ph.D. has been awarded the Distinguished Environmentalist Award by the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment for his contribution to the conservation of Mongolia’s rare and endangered species since 1994. The Ministry presented this, their most prestigious award, to Dr. Reading recently at a special ceremony in Mongolia.
Dr. Reading’s work in Mongolia began shortly after the Mongolian Democratic Revolution and much of the initial work involved working with specialists in other fields to rewrite wildlife laws, create and manage new nature parks, implement education programs, and train local people to more effectively conduct conservation work. Since 1994, conservation efforts have expanded vastly to the current work that involves such poorly understood and threatened species as cinereous vultures, argali sheep, ibex, Bactrian camels, corsac foxes and pallas’ cats.
Denver Zoo’s work has led to positive changes, including improved wildlife management plans; establishing protected areas; delineating conservation zones in protected areas; and incorporating local concerns in conservation initiatives.
Denver Zoo’s initial project focused on argali sheep, but has slowly expanded to include work with several other species. Argali are classified as vulnerable by The World Conservation Union (IUCN) due primarily to poaching and conflicts with domestic livestock production. So far, researchers have radio collared 115 argali to track their movements and better understand their ecology. Additionally, behavioral observations, genetic analyses, collection of biological samples, necropsies (animal autopsies) of animals that died, and fecal analyses also have been conducted. The results of this work are helping to better conserve these magnificent animals.
In addition to the conservation work for cinereous vultures that takes place on zoo grounds, Denver Zoo has been involved with this species in Mongolia since 2002. Researchers are working to better the breeding ecology of the population in the area by monitoring nesting success, growth of chicks, and movements of tagged birds.
Denver Zoo’s work in Mongolia expanded to include work with various other species in the country, including critically endangered wild Bactrian camels, snow leopards, ibex, Pallas’ cats, corsac and red foxes, Asian wild asses, gazelle, Eurasian badgers, hedgehogs, small mammals, plants, lizards, lesser kestrels, and other raptor species.
The overall goal of the program is to help Mongolia develop the professional capacity and methods of resource generation to independently conserve the country’s natural resources in a way that enjoys enduring public support. To help with the latter, Denver Zoo maintains a multifaceted education component focused on training conservation practitioners and developing education and outreach programs for local people.
Several Denver Zoo staff members have traveled to Mongolia to participate in the conservation project; Dr. Reading lived in Mongolia while conducting conservation work from 1994 – 1996 and since then returns between 3 -5 times a year. His next trip is planned for June of this year.
Between 1996 and 2007 Denver Zoo has been involved in 414 field conservation and research projects in 50 countries. In 2007 alone, Denver Zoo was involved in70 projects in28 countries on five continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America). In 2007 within the United States, the zoo was involved in conservation and research projects in six states, includingsix projects in Colorado.
April 3, 2008
DENVER ZOO PRIMATES PARTY FOR APE-RIL FESTIVITIES - A Birthday Celebration For Orangutan Kicks Off APE-ril Event
Denver Zookeepers gave one of its male orangutans, Robin, who turned 32 on March 27, an ape-tastic party today to celebrate his birthday. Robin received a wrapped present filled with popcorn, nuts and sugar-free candy as well as a delicious birthday cake layered with monkey chow, berries, peanut butter and raspberry mousse in honor of his birthday and to gear-up for APE-ril, an event all about apes! APE-ril, taking place April 5-6 from 9 a.m. – 5 p.m. will give guests an opportunity to learn all about apes: what they eat, how they interact, why they are endangered and what Denver Zoo is doing to help them. Orangutans can live up to 60 years in zoos.
Robin and the other Denver Zoo apes including gorillas and gibbons will be enjoying a variety of enrichment items during the APE-ril event. Denver Zoo’s animals receive enrichment daily to stimulate their minds and bodies, but during the APE-ril event guests will get to see the apes enjoying some of the enrichment items that are often used behind the scenes. Visitors are encouraged to notice how different species and different individuals use the same items in varying ways.
During APE-ril, interpretative stations throughout Primate Panorama will give guests the chance to try and move like a gorilla, talk like a gibbon and compare arm spans to an orangutan. Guests will also learn about some of the reasons primates are being threatened in the wild and what can be done to help these amazing animals.
Special feeding demonstrations will take place both days in Primate Panorama for visitors to enjoy. Zookeepers feed the gorillas at noon, orangutans at 2 p.m. and red river hogs at 12:15 p.m. Denver Zoo’s African farm, the Kraal, which doesn’t officially open until Memorial Day weekend, will also be open during the event so guests can get nose-to-snout with some African farm animals. Additionally, African dancers and storytellers will entertain guests during interactive presentations.
Guests at APE-ril will also discover how they can help orangutans when they learn about the repercussions harvesting palm oil has on their habitat. The increased demand for palm oil, which is obtained from the fruit of the oil palm tree and can be grown only in tropical environments, is fueling destruction of the rainforest habitat of Sumatran and Bornean orangutans, pushing those endangered species even closer to extinction. Choosing not to consume products containing palm oil, or only products containing sustainable palm oil, can help preserve the diminishing habitat of Bornean and Sumatran species.
Guests can bring a used cell phone or ink jet cartridge to donate to Denver Zoo on Saturday, April 5 or Sunday, April 6 and receive $2 off general zoo admission to APE-ril!
March 27, 2008
ENDANGERED GOLDEN LION TAMARIN TWINS BORN AT DENVER ZOO
- Visitors Can See Tiny Newborns On Exhibit With Parents and Siblings In Emerald Forest
Denver Zoo is celebrating the birth of two endangered golden lion tamarins that came into the world on March 10. Mother, Rosie, and father, Siamo, have proven to be excellent parents to the pair of twins born in July, Alex and Annie, and again are taking excellent care of the new arrivals! Guests can see the entire family in the Emerald Forest exhibit in Denver Zoo’s Primate Panorama.
Both newborns weigh less than 100 grams, the equivalent weight of an average kiwi fruit. The sex of the infants has not yet been determined, but zookeepers say that both babies appear to be strong and healthy. As is common for this species, both mother, father and even the older siblings have been taking turns carrying the two infants. By watching their parents care for the infants and participating in their care, Alex and Annie are learning valuable parenting skills that will hopefully be able to use themselves someday.
The tamarins were born as part of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ (AZA) Species Survival Plan, (SSP), a cooperative population management and conservation program for select species in zoos and aquariums in North America. Each SSP manages the breeding of a species in order to maintain a healthy and self-sustaining captive population that is both genetically diverse and geographically stable. Rosie and Siamo were brought to Denver Zoo in 2006 to be paired together following a recommendation from the SSP. The Golden Lion Tamarin Species Survival Plan is among 206 conservation breeding programs that Denver Zoo participates in. Others include the western lowland gorilla, Sumatran tiger and Komodo dragon.
Golden lion tamarins are native to the coastal forests of Brazil and are classified as endangered as there are only an estimated 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild. Most of the wild population is confined to the Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, a protected area in Rio de Janeiro. Only two percent of this species’ original range remains and the existing habitat has been severely fragmented by logging and agriculture, which has led to isolated populations and inbreeding.
By 1980 there were more golden lion tamarins in captivity than in the wild, so re-introduction of captive-bred animals into Brazil began in 1984. Golden lion tamarins were classified as critically endangered until 2000, when the efforts of the re-introduction program began to show an increased population. The species has now been downgraded to endangered as a result of nearly 30 years of conservation efforts. More than 150 captive bred golden lion tamarins are now living in the wild, but the species remains in peril, due primarily to habitat destruction.
As their name suggests, these primates bare some resemblance to lions, with their golden coats, long tails and the longer, darker hair around the face creating a mane. Despite some similarities in appearance these primates are much smaller than the king of the jungle, weighing on average only between 400 – 800 grams (0.88 – 1.76 pounds). Gestation lasts for 126-130 days, usually ending in twin births. The young tamarins are weaned after just 90 days
March 20, 2008
DENVER ZOO ANIMALS EGGSTATIC OVER EASTER!
Hop Into Zoo and See Various Animals Receive Colored Eggs on Easter Sunday
Denver Zoo’s pack of 15 banded mongoose enjoyed an early Easter Egg hunt today to announce the zoo’s upcoming Easter festivities. On Easter Sunday, Denver Zoo visitors can see an eggstravaganza of numerous animals enjoying colored eggs including mongoose, red river hogs, polar bears, arctic foxes, river otters, gorillas, mandrills and more!
Hard-boiled eggs are a part of the specially-planned diets of several of the zoo’s animals, and on Easter Sunday, to get into the holiday spirit, several of the zoo’s animals will receive brightly colored Easter eggs! Zookeepers will place the colored eggs throughout the habitats so that the animals have to forage for their food, and of course crack open the colorful shells.
Schedule of Easter Egg Feedings on Sunday, March 23:
10:00 a.m. – Banded Mongoose, just inside the zoo (weather permitting)
10:15 a.m. – Polar Bears, Northern Shores
10:30 a.m. – Otters & Arctic Foxes, Northern Shores
11 a.m. – Capuchins, Adjacent to Monkey Island (weather permitting)
11 a.m. – Langurs, Adjacent to Monkey Island (weather permitting)
Noon – Red River Hogs, Primate Panorama (weather permitting)
12:15 p.m. – Gorillas, Great Apes (weather permitting)
12:15 p.m. – Mandrills, Primate Panorama (weather permitting)
12:20 p.m. – Mangabeys, Primate Panorama (weather permitting)
1:45 p.m. – Macaques, Primate Panorama/Emerald Forest (weather permitting)
March 13, 2008
GIANT BUSHMASTER PIT VIPER WEIGHS IN FOR
ST. PATRICK'S DAY SERPENT FESTIVAL AT DENVER ZOO - Snakes the Focus of Festival at Denver Zoo, March 15 - 16, 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Denver Zoo’s resident male bushmaster was recently weighed and measured in preparation for the upcoming slithery festivities at St. Patrick’s Day Serpent Festival, set for March 15 & 16, from 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. The 15-year-old snake weighed in at 10 pounds and measured approximately nine feet in length. Bushmasters are the world’s longest vipers, and the most venomous snakes found in the New World.
The health check of this venomous snake was a delicate procedure performed by trained zookeepers. For the safety of the snake and the zookeepers working with it, a clear tube was used to hold the snake and provide a barrier between the snake’s head and the zookeepers. Snakes like small spaces that make them feel safe, so when presented with the clear tube, the bushmaster quickly crawled inside allowing zookeepers to measure the snake. After measuring the snake, zookeepers carefully placed him in a large container which was then weighed on the scale.
Visitors will be able to see this exotic reptile, along with 58 other snake species totaling more than 150 individual slithering residents, at Denver Zoo’s St. Patrick’s Day Serpent Festival. Legend tells the tale of Saint Patrick driving all of the snakes out of Ireland and into the sea, but this St. Patrick’s Day Denver Zoo guests can learn all about this highly-misunderstood animal and why people shouldn’t fear these amazing creatures.
Guests will get nose to snout with some of Denver Zoo’s resident snakes during live animal demonstrations, join Irish dancers in a jig, learn all about snakes at discovery stations and create a fun snake souvenir to take home for good luck. Join Denver Zoo’s nearly 3,500 animal residents as they celebrate this Irish holiday at the third annual St. Patrick’s Day Serpent Festival!
March 6, 2008
NEW TAPIR AT DENVER ZOO GETS WELCOME PARTY -
Tapir, Born In Ireland, Gets Green Treats For Early St. Patrick’s Day Fun
Denver Zoo staff is welcoming one of its newest residents, a Malayan tapir, who came from the Belfast Zoo in Ireland. Named Bengkulu, after a province in Indonesia (a part of this species’ habitat), zookeepers fondly call the new arrival Benny. To get into the spirit of St. Patrick’s Day, and to celebrate Benny’s Irish origin, zookeepers gave the 2-year-old male some of his favorite green treats, broccoli, kale and cabbage.
Benny has been spending some time behind-the-scenes getting used to his new surroundings, but can now be seen exploring his new digs in the Pachyderm building. Zookeepers say he is doing well adjusting to life in Denver and they will eventually introduce him to the zoo’s resident female tapir, Maggie. Although Benny just turned 2, he is already almost full grown, weighing in at approximately 675 pounds!
Malayan tapirs are the largest of the four tapir species and are the only tapir native to Asia. Once found throughout Southeast Asia, they now inhabit only the rainforests of the Indochinese peninsula. Malayan tapirs are classified as vulnerable by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) due to habitat loss.
Feb. 28, 2008
DENVER ZOO IS HOPPING WITH ACTIVITIES FOR LEAP DAY! - Event to Kick Off Year Of The Frog Conservation Initiative
Denver Zoo jumps on the chance to celebrate the Year of the Frog with special activities planned for Leap Day, Feb. 29, from 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. Currently, at least one third of the world’s amphibians face extinction. Denver Zoo joinsthe Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and zoos around the world in fighting the amphibian extinction crisis by spreading awareness of the issue and sharing ways to help frogs and other amphibians.
A special frog mascot will welcome guests as they enter the zoo. Inside Tropical Discovery visitors will be able to get up close with some of the zoo’s resident amphibians and learn about what they can do to help save them. At 11 a.m. and 2 p.m. zookeepers will speak about amphibians and related conservation projects. Guests can even enter to win a behind-the-scenes tour of Tropical Discovery! The Colorado Division of Wildlife will be at the zoo to discuss amphibian conservation that can be conducted right here in Colorado. To learn more about the global amphibian crisis visit www.yearofthefrog.org.
What’s causing frogs to go extinct?
While the major culprit has historically been habitat loss and degradation, many of the declines and extinctions are now being attributed to the rapidly dispersing infectious disease chytridiomycosis, commonly known as chytrid fungus.
Denver Zoo is currently home to 25 different species of amphibians, 24 of which are classified as threatened or endangered, including the Panamanian golden frog that is extinct in the wild. Denver Zoo works with AZA to manage the captive breeding of these species through Species Survival Plans (SSPs) that ensure the genetic diversity and demographic stability of select species in North American zoos and aquariums.
Denver Zoo is actively involved in amphibian conservation projects in the wild, in addition to conservation work being done on-site.One of Denver Zoo’s newest conservation projects focuses on the Lake Titicaca frog, located on the border of Bolivia and Peru. Due to the superstitious beliefs that these frogs have medicinal and aphrodisiac properties, the main threat to this critically endangered species is human consumption. It’s estimated that 150 Lake Titicaca frogs are killed unnecessarily every day for human consumption! In October of 2007, Denver Zoo sent a zookeeper to work with staff at the University of Peruana Cayetano Heredia in Lima on developing a conservation program and setting up a holding facility for confiscated Lake Titicaca frogs. It is hoped that the university can maintain frogs to help them better understand this frog’s ecology. Denver Zoo staff continues to assist the university in maintaining the frog haven and hopes to assist two local zoos in Lima, to establish frog displays and holding tanks, in hopes of enlightening the locals on the plight of the Lake Titicaca frog.
This year Denver Zoo staff will also be embarking on a project in New Mexico to investigate the feasibility of reintroducing leopard frogs and canyon tree frogs into a conservation property managed by the Wind River Ranch Foundation. Denver Zoo also works to ensure the survival of the Panamanian golden frog, which is believed to be extinct in the wild. Denver Zoo staff has visited Panama several times to support the development of a conservation center to support this valuable species as well as other amphibians. These same staff members oversee the captive breeding of golden frogs inside the zoo’s Tropical Discovery building. Breeding has been a success and several tadpoles were hatched in 2006.
8 Things You Can Do in 2008 To Save Amphibians:
Look, listen and learn: Educate yourself and your family about amphibians. With almost 6,000 frogs, toads, newts, salamanders, and caecilians (legless tropical amphibians) worldwide, there’s a lot to learn. Pick up a book, hop around the internet, or watch your favorite animal television show to educate yourself and your family about amphibians.
Visit AZA-accredited institutions, like Denver Zoo! Every time you visit you help animals. AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums are helping to save frogs and other amphibians through breeding programs and by providing support for field conservation. They are also some of the best places to see and learn about amphibians from around the world.
Create amphibian friendly environments by providing clean water, hiding places, and insects to eat. Prime amphibian real estate includes leaf litter, rocks, logs and a source of water - backyard ponds make a great family project!
Don’t pollute. Do your part to keep garbage, chemicals, and non-native plants and animals out of the natural environment. Amphibians absorb chemicals through their skins easily and are sensitive to competition and becoming prey to non-native species.
Be a responsible pet owner. Discourage your canine and feline family members from pestering wildlife, especially amphibians and birds. Curious cats and digging dogs cause a lot of stress for frightened amphibians. If you or your pet encounter an amphibian, study, look, listen and then leave it where it is.
Conserve waterat home, school and work. The water you save now remains a clean habitat for wild amphibians without being chemically treated.
Reduce the use of fossil fuels, such as oil, coal and natural gas. Climate change is impacting amphibian populations worldwide. By using less energy or choosing renewable sources of energy, you can help slow the rate of climate change. Drive less, buy fuel-efficient cars, and use compact fluorescent light bulbs!
Be an amphibian champion. Donate to wildlife conservation programs. Participate in citizen-science monitoring programs with your family. Be aware of legislation affecting wildlife and their habitat, global warming and land use issues.
FIRST BACHELOR GROUP OF GORILLAS AT DENVER ZOO -
Two Critically Endangered Silverback Brothers Can Be Seen in Great Apes Building
Two male Western lowland gorillas now call Denver Zoo home. Brothers, 13-year-old Curtis and 11-year-old Charlie, from North Carolina Zoo, have been spending time behind the scenes getting acquainted with their new zookeepers, and now can be seen exploring their new indoor digs.
Zoo veterinarians gave both males clean bills of health at their recent check-ups, where Curtis weighed in at a whopping 454 pounds, and Charlie a close second at 434 pounds. Zookeepers say the brothers are doing great adjusting to their new routine and can be seen in the afternoons inside the Great Apes Building.
Although this is the first time Denver Zoo has had a group of all-male gorillas, bachelor groups are fairly common both in zoos and in the wild. Gorillas in zoos across the country are grouped by the gorilla Species Survival Plan (SSP). Overseen by a group of zoo professionals who’ve worked with this species and have a wide knowledge base of gorilla husbandry needs, these plans manage the genetic diversity and social pairings of select species. Gorilla social groupings often contain one male silverback to several females forming a family group. However, in the wild, male gorillas will also form bachelor groups starting around the age of 8 years, until the male gorilla can get a female or females to coexist with them to form a family group.
Representing the amazing intelligence of this species, Charlie and Curtis know several body parts and can even distinguish between their right and left hands and feet. By knowing these behaviors, it helps tremendously during any veterinary procedures.
The fate of Western lowland gorillas in the wild continues to deteriorate. In 2007 this species’ status fell from endangered to critically endangered on the World Conservation Union’s Red List of Threatened Species. The wild population is gravely threatened by poaching and habitat destruction. Western lowland gorillascan be found in a small section of African lowland tropical forests in Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Nigeria.
February 12, 2008
DENVER ZOO RESCUES ORPHANED MOUNTAIN LION CUBS - Visitors Can See Two Cubs in Their New Home
An orphaned mountain lion cub found roaming alone near a Washington highway at just six weeks old and another two-month old mountain lion cub discovered orphaned in South Dakota during hunting season have found refuge at Denver Zoo. Having little chance of survival in the wild after loosing their mothers, these two young mountain lion cubs have found shelter and care at Denver Zoo. Denver Zoo officials answered the call from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) Mountain Lion Population Management Group (PMP) asking the Zoo to assist the South Dakota Department of Game and Fish and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife in rescuing the young cubs.
“Our preference is that these two young cubs would have grown up in the wild. However, without their mothers, their survival in the wild was highly unlikely. We are happy we can provide good homes for these two cats and offer our visitors a chance to see these amazing animals,” says Denver Zoo Spokeswoman Ana Bowie.
Mountain lions normally stay with their mothers until they are 12 to 18 months old. Both cubs moved to Denver Zoo’s nursery in December where they became acquainted with each other. The pair has recently been moved to their new home, an outdoor yard on the south side of the zoo, where visitors can see these active cats at play.
The older cub was found by South Dakota Department of Game and Fish. This male has been named Dakota and is estimated to be 4 months old. The cub weighs more than 40 pounds. The female cub is estimated to be 3 months old has been named Cassy. Cassy was found by the Washington Division of Wildlife. She continues to grow and now weighs 22 pounds.
At their first baby wellness exams, both cubs received clean bills of health from veterinary staff. Zookeepers say the two cubs are both very playful and adventurous and have adjusted to their new surroundings.
Mountain lions, also called pumas, panthers or cougars, are can grow to weigh 150-230 pounds.
February 7, 2008
SHAKE OFF WINTER'S CHILL AT DENVER ZOO'S PAW THAW
Enjoy Activities Regardless of Weather at Denver Zoo, Feb. 16-17, 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Thaw your paws inside Denver Zoo’s balmy Tropical Discovery building and enjoy special activities in celebration of the zoo’s second annual Paw Thaw event, February 16-17, from 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. Special activities abound at the zoo’s Tropical Discovery and Northern Shores exhibits, where guests can enjoy animal demonstrations and interactive educational games that teach about what it takes to survive in the harshest environments – the arctic and the tropics.
Guests will learn about numerous charismatic animals including polar bears, Arctic foxes, sea lions, Komodo Dragons, tropical fishes and many more. Guests also will have the opportunity to stay warm and toasty as they walk through the tropical jungles of Bird World where rare and colorful birds fly over head or surround themselves with animals from the Nile River region, including endangered primates, at Emerald Forest.
Guests can also meet giraffe calves Kang and Turbo, resident elephants Mimi and Dolly and visit other zoo favorites like the golden lion tamarins, Western lowland gorillas and howler monkeys! Daily events include the popular Sea Lion Show, Penguin feedings, demonstrations at Predator Ridge and Bird Bug Toss, where kids can feed the birds meal worms inside Bird World.
DENVER ZOO RECEIVES FINAL HIPPO REPORT - Key Findings to Assist in Future Transports
Denver Zoo received late Monday afternoon, the final report commissioned by Calgary Zoo, Calgary AB to review the circumstances leading to the death of Hazina, a 6-year-old river hippopotamus who died in Calgary October 27, 2007, shortly after being transported from Denver Zoo to Calgary Zoo. The independent, third-party review was conducted by Dr. Jacques Dancosse, M.Sc., DVM a zoo veterinarian in Canada and a consulting veterinarian for the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Denver Zoo cooperated fully to provide information to the reviewer.
“Denver Zoo appreciates Dr. Dancosse’s efforts,” stated Craig Piper, Denver Zoo President and CEO, “his findings combined with what we at Denver Zoo have learned during own investigation helps to identify transport modifications that could be beneficial when relocating animals. No one has been more impacted by the loss of Hazina than the Denver Zoo staff that cared for her since her birth and planned her move with our colleagues in Calgary. We continue to analyze our information and look for areas where we can improve the transport process and assist our colleagues with similar moves.”
Dr. Clement Lanthier, President and CEO of the Calgary Zoo, when referencing Dr. Dancosse’s report agreed the findings are positive, stating, “The report indicated that proper care was provided for the animal before, during and at the end of the journey and the medical treatment she received after her arrival in Calgary was appropriate.” Dr. Dancosse says in his report, “…it is clear to me that Hazina’s death was an accident that none could have reasonably foreseen.”
“Although we just received the final report last night, and are still reviewing its contents,” shared Ana Bowie, Denver Zoo spokesperson. “We agree with a number of Dr. Dancosse’s recommendations and that they could help in attempting to prevent a similar tragedy.”
For a copy of the Calgary report, terms of reference and the Calgary Zoo’s media advisory, visit www.calgaryzoo.org. Dancosse’s recommendations are below, with Denver Zoo’s clarification and comments.
DANCOSSE RECOMMENDATIONS
DENVER ZOO'S COMMENTS
Visual stops at regular intervals should be made mandatory when large animals are being transported;
Regular stops for inspection must be made during transport, as is required by the USDA, Title 9,Chapter I, Sec. 3.140Care intransit. As Dr. Dancosse states, the transporter checked on Hazina at least every 4 hours as is mandated. This directive was followed.
Containers in which hippos are shipped should allow the animal to stand and lay on its side without being cramped, but not allow them to turn around;
The container used in shipment met all IATA and USDA guidelines. If this recommendation is accepted, additional guidelines must be developed to determine the proper crate width to accommodate side lying and meet standards currently set to assure the animal is unable to turn around during transit.
The crate should have a non-slippery floor to give the animal sound footing when it wants to get up;
Appropriate flooring materials must be defined to determine what is “non-slippery.” IATA guidelines do not currently state what material is considered “non-slippery.” Denver Zoo followed guidelines using the wooden floor and has not had issue in the previous use of this crate.
Abundant bedding should be provided;
Denver Zoo agrees, and therefore provided the recommended amount of six inches of hay and wood shavings for bedding throughout the entire crate.
Some means of looking at the animal remotely while en route, such as a closed circuit television camera, should be available;
Denver Zoo agrees and has used cameras in some transports in the past. However, in this case it would have been difficult to determine whether Hazina was standing or sitting like a dog without installing the camera directly near the floor of the crate, in which case Hazina would have destroyed the camera.
The animal should have free access to drinking water during the trip.
Denver Zoo agrees. In this case, Hazina was trained to drink from a hose and the transporter provided her water at every stop.
Denver Zoo conducted its own internal investigation immediately following the death of Hazina and concluded that all required permits were obtained, the crate met all required standards and that Denver Zoo’s protocols were consistent with many other successful hippo moves. Denver Zoo conducted multiple interviews with the large mammal keeper staff, interviewed the transporter, sought council from other professional colleagues and reviewed the specifics of the last 14 successful hippopotamus shipments Denver Zoo has conducted.
KEY FINDINGS FROM DENVER ZOO’S INVESTIGATION:
Increase Standing Time: Denver Zoo has previously shipped 14 other hippopotamus successfully. All of these animals were under the age of 2 and weighed significantly less than 6-year-old Hazina. It seems clear that getting a hippo of this age and size to stand and move more frequently may have reduced the likelihood of myopathy.
Staff Accompanying Shipment: Prior to shipment Denver Zoo staff had significant discussions about whether or not there was a need to send a Denver Zoo keeper or veterinarian on the transport. Based upon institutional knowledge, the general behaviors of the species and past experience with 14 successful previous hippo transports, it was agreed that sending staff was not necessary. While it has not been found to be necessary in our previous hippo shipments or those of many other zoos, it may be a wise step for hippos of this size and age. In this particular incident, the hippo may have been more comfortable and willing to stand if attended by one of her keepers.
Staff Exchange: It may be advisable with future hippo shipments to have a member of the recipient zoo come and train with our staff to get to know the animal(s). Then, we would send one of our staff to help out following the transfer to ease the transition. Again, this has not been found to be necessary in our previous hippo shipments, but it may be a wise step when transferring hippos of this size and age.
Transit Training: Hazina’s training largely focused on acclimation to the crate used for transport. In this case, it would have been helpful to train Hazina to stand on command in the crate. This was not considered since she stood during training sessions and we expected that, like other hippos, she would tend to lie down while the truck was moving and would stand at stopping points when offered food and water.
Data/Tracking: There are many discrepancies on the exact times that different events occurred during the transit. In the future, Denver Zoo will require transporters to keep detailed time logs. While this may not have changed the outcome in this case, detailed records would have provided valuable data quickly for our analysis.
Crate Design: Although large transport crates can be very difficult to acquire or construct, in the future, Denver Zoo will consider modifications to crate designs to allow for easier inspection of the animal while in transport. It would make it easier to ensure that the animal is standing for an appropriate amount of time.
January 30, 2008
GROUNDHOG DAY? FEBRUARY 2 IS PRAIRIE DOG DAY AT DENVER ZOO - Guests Can Enjoy Animal Activities From Noon - 4 p.m.
In cooperation with the Prairie Dog Coalition’s Prairie Dog Day, celebrate Groundhog Day at Denver Zoo with Punxsutawney Phil’s distant cousin, the prairie dog! Join the celebration by getting nose to whisker with Denver Zoo’s resident prairie dogs and other prairie wildlife and discovering how prairie wildlife rely on prairie dogs for survival. Activities are free with regular admission and will run from noon until 4 p.m.
Throughout the zoo visitors will be able to learn more about these threatened animals and the prairie ecosystem they are a part of. Activity stations will focus on how important prairie dogs are to the health of the prairie ecosystem. Visitors will also be able to get up-close with some of the zoo’s resident prairie dogs and other native creatures during live prairie animal demonstrations. In celebration of the prairie ecosystem and way of life, a Native American Plains Tribe will perform traditional dances during the event. Zoo visitors will leave Prairie Dog Day with knowledge of what they can do to help prairie dogs in the wild.
A lecture on prairie dog ecology and social behavior will take place from 1 – 2 p.m., where conservation biologist, Dr. John Hoogland of the University of Maryland, will show photos and talk about his 36 years of work with prairie dogs in the wild. The lecture is free with admission, but requires an RSVP to 303-376-6729. Denver Zoo has been helping Hoogland fund his “Ecology and Behavior of White-Tailed Prairie Dogs” conservation project since 1999. Denver Zoo also funds several other conservation projects involving prairie dogs. Visit www.denverzoo.org for more information on these projects.
Prairie dogs are threatened in the wild, which affects other prairie species as well. Prairie dogs are a keystone species, which means that multiple other animals in the ecosystem depend on them for survival. At least nine different prairie animals, such as hawks, owls, foxes and ferrets depend on prairie dogs for food, or their burrows for shelter. Over the last 150 years, prairie dog populations have declined by more than 95 percent and the decline continues today.
In addition to the event activities, visitors can enjoy viewing the zoo’s nearly 4,000 other animal residents including giraffe calves, Kang and Turbo. Between enjoying Prairie Dog Day activities, guests can also enjoy Sea Lion Shows at 10:30 a.m. and 2:30 p.m., a Pachyderm Demonstration at 11:30 a.m., a Predator Ridge Demonstration at 2 p.m. and African penguin feedings at 10:15 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.
January 24, 2008
NEW RED PANDA COUPLE ARRIVE AT DENVER ZOO - Visible To Public In Outdoor Habitat For First Full Day Today!
Two new red pandas are now calling Denver Zoo home. Male, He-Ping, arrived from Milwaukee Zoo and his new mate, Sophia, came from Mill Mountain Zoo in Virginia. The two new arrivals have been spending time behind the scenes getting to know each other, but today, for the first full day, they can be seen exploring their new outdoor habitat.
He-Ping is 9 years old and Sophia is 5 years old. In zoos red pandas can live to be more than 15 years old. He-Ping is distinguishable from his new mate by his whiter face and bushier tail. The two have been paired together under recommendation of the Association of Zoos and Aquarium’s (AZA) Species Survival Plan (SSP) in hopes that they will some day have cubs. Zoos participate in SSPs to ensure healthy populations and genetic diversity among animals.
Red pandas are classified as endangered, with an estimated population of less than 2,500 mature individuals remaining in the wild. Their population continues to decline due to habitat fragmentation and hunting. Like their larger cousins, these lesser pandas eat primarily bamboo shoots. Red pandas are well adapted with their thick fur coats to live in the often low temperatures of the mountains of southeastern Asia and are quite comfortable outside during cooler days here in Denver.
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DENVER ZOO MOURNING LOSS OF POLAR BEAR OLAF - Famous Polar Bear Dad of Klondike & Snow
SHIPWRECK WASHES ASHORE IN DENVER ZOO’S POLAR BEAR HABITAT- New Structure Provides Hours of Enrichment for Polar Bears
DENVER ZOO CONSERVATIONIST RECEIVES HIGHEST MONGOLIAN CONSERVATION AWARD - Dr. Richard Reading Recognized For Work with Endangered Species in Mongolia
The tamarins were born as part of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ (AZA) Species Survival Plan, (SSP), a cooperative population management and conservation program for select species in zoos and aquariums in North America. Each SSP manages the breeding of a species in order to maintain a healthy and self-sustaining captive population that is both genetically diverse and geographically stable. Rosie and Siamo were brought to Denver Zoo in 2006 to be paired together following a recommendation from the SSP. The Golden Lion Tamarin Species Survival Plan is among 206 conservation breeding programs that Denver Zoo participates in. Others include the western lowland gorilla, Sumatran tiger and Komodo dragon. 
NEW TAPIR AT DENVER ZOO GETS WELCOME PARTY -
Tapir, Born In Ireland, Gets Green Treats For Early St. Patrick’s Day Fun
FIRST BACHELOR GROUP OF GORILLAS AT DENVER ZOO -
Two Critically Endangered Silverback Brothers Can Be Seen in Great Apes Building
knowledge base of gorilla husbandry needs, these plans manage the genetic diversity and social pairings of select species. Gorilla social groupings often contain one male silverback to several females forming a family group. However, in the wild, male gorillas will also form bachelor groups starting around the age of 8 years, until the male gorilla can get a female or females to coexist with them to form a family group.
DENVER ZOO RESCUES ORPHANED MOUNTAIN LION CUBS - Visitors Can See Two Cubs in Their New Home
SHAKE OFF WINTER'S CHILL AT DENVER ZOO'S PAW THAW
In cooperation with the Prairie Dog Coalition’s Prairie Dog Day, 
Two new red pandas are now calling Denver Zoo home. Male, He-Ping, arrived from Milwaukee Zoo and his new mate, Sophia, came from Mill Mountain Zoo in Virginia. The two new arrivals have been spending time behind the scenes getting to know each other, but today, for the first full day, they can be seen exploring their new outdoor habitat. 